The Tsar Bomba was flown to its test site by a specially modified Tu-95 release plane which took off from an airfield in the Kola peninsula, flown by Major Andrei E. Durnovtsev. The release plane was accompanied by a Tu-16 observer plane which took air samples and filmed the test. Both aircraft were painted with a special reflective white paint to limit heat damage.The bomb, weighing 27 tonnes, was so large (8 meters long by 2 m in diameter) that the Tu-95 had to have its bomb bay doors and fuselage fuel tanks removed. The bomb was attached to an 800 kilogram fall retardation parachute, which gave the release and observer planes time to fly about 45 km from ground zero. (Failing such retardation, the bomb would have either reached its planned detonation altitude so fast it would have turned the test into a ******* mission, or it would have crashed into the ground at high speed, destroying the high-precision components required to produce a nuclear explosion.) The U.S. has fitted a few of its nuclear bombs with parachute retardation for the same reason.