can be sulfation, I have seen and worked with many different batteries resting as low as 4 volts and brought them back. Some do not come back at all. If you have a system that can pull more power than your alt puts out and you notice you have a low sitting battery chances are it is undercharged/sulfated. I don't have too great of luck with bringing back some batteries like spiral cells with the chargers but most others do eventually come back (may take a few cycles of charge discharge and recharge right after you ran it down some). You dont want to desulfate a charged battery and most chargers have to kick into it rather than being selectable. Charging up a dead or a low battery is also a form of desulphation as sulfation starts as soon as a battery is removed from a charge.. I use desulphation when the battery wont accept a charge. Look up the term you will see more hands on what it actually is and what causes it. It is one of the main reasons most all -if not all -battery companies do not cover undercharging situations as that is not a defect of the product but rather a deficiency of a proper charging system and or monitoring of the battery.