you "tune" a port with the port's diameter and it's length. the tuning ( i believe) is also based on box volume. again, i believe, the longer the port and the bigger the diameter of the port, the lower the frequency. i could be wrong on the last part, any help? i have just read the suggested box sizes for my subs, and going by it, what i said above is correct. i'd still like to hear from someone with a little more knowledge though.
to sum up my manufactorer recommondations:
the bigger the sub, the bigger the box, the bigger the port, the lower the frequency( in most cases)