Put them in a sealed enclosure and see which one gets louder, although I'd bet the btl has alot of non linear throw too, since it's purely an SPL driver. It can move further than 16mm, but it won't be linear, so for musical purposes I'd disregard it.
Anyway, here's why SPl subs dont' have huge excursion. In a ported box you let the port do most of the work. Near tuning a cones excursion is minimal. In this case, it's thermal power handling that will limit the woofer. The BTL handles alot more power, so in a case where excursion is low, the thermal power handling will determine overall SPL. No matter how much power you dump onto the woofer your unlikely to have it reach xmax, you get a small amount of excursion, with alot of sound at the tuning frequency of the box, since your causing the ports to react as well. A BTL might only move 9mm when you dump 15,000 watts onto it, but for a ported box near tuning that's alot of movement. A well designed ported box will cause alot of SPL from the ports reacting to the change in pressure that the 9mm of excursion is giving you. A fi q in the same box can't handle 15,000 watts, so it might only move 3mm, hence the sub won't move as much, which lowers output, not only because your sub moves less, but because the ports produce less noise as well.
What specs are important for overall SPl depends on how the driver is used. Tweeters need very very little excursion to get very loud.
In conclusion, and back on topic, for a subwoofer in a sealed enclosure, you have no ports. The drivers cone moving is all you have. Xmax and the surface area of the cone are all that play a role in clean output. Ported boxes near tuning control a cones movement, so in that case, high spl at a low frequency is again dictated by thermal limits. Also remember that each time you drop 1 octave, 1/2 a given frequency, you need 4x the amount of excursion to keep the same spl for a given driver. So a driver ability to play down to a given frequency at a set spl is determined by excursion.
ps. talk about a complex answer for a simple question. Here you were just wanted a quick forum boner vs thread.... haha, my bad..