Actually, there hasn't been long enough studies to determine a definitive answer. It's definitely not as harmful as real cigarettes though because there is no tar build up from vaporizing. There is no combustion involved and no actual carbon monoxide that you're breathing in. It's not to say that it's 100% healthy or anything. The 4 main ingredients used are nicotine, water, favoring, and PG (propelene glycol) or VG (vegetable glycerin). Both PG and VG are a non-toxic organic compound. We all know nicotine is not good for us, that's no surprise. Of course it's addictive. No one said it wasn't. They do make e-liquids without the nicotine but that kind of defeats the purpose of switching over from cigarettes. The point is smokers can have an outlet to still fulfill their nicotine needs without hurting their health as drastic as cigarettes. As of right now the research is inconclusive but it is obvious that it is not to the extent of what real cigs do to your health. Even many doctors approve of this because of the fact that there are no carcinogens being produced. The tobacco companies are actually lobbying AGAINST e-cigs right now because they are losing billions from this overnight industry. They're probably the ones paying for the research to have the bias results..
On the subject of weed, there has been no reported deaths in history linked directly to smoking weed. Though it is one of the most controversial topics of the century, there are good arguments on both sides of the field. It has helped several cancer patients in several cases as well as people who have serious conditions that cannot function correctly without it. When you smoke it, like anything else you use high heat with, it has a lot of combustion and does produce a good amount of tar. Even if you smoke it out of a filtered bong, it is still harmful in some way, that is true. That is why there is the new phenomenon of vaporizing weed. It uses very low heat to activate the medicinal properties of the cannabis plant without the tar build up. There is a certain temperature you can go up to until you start to get some carcinogens. You can also ingest it through cooking it in the form of brownies, cookies, cupcakes, etc which is probably the safest alternative to your lungs but will fuck you up if you're not too careful. Of course not everyone is gonna agree with this hippie culture but I think it is slowly changing for the good. Eventually everything will be taxed accordingly and enough research will be put into it to realize that the war on drugs was just a propaganda to control us. Many states are becoming legalized and it will be a matter of time when the other states do as well. In some countries, they will literally kill you if they find weed on you or atleast put you in prison for the rest of your life. It's just ignorance and brainwashing. There has to be more research on all of this for at least a few decades to really understand what it's really about.