Subsonic is a filter that will only allow tones to be played under the setting that you choose, this is dependant on box tuning, and does not need to be set with a sealed enclosure.
Lowpass filter will filter tones over the setting, this usualy depends on the driver size, but it is normal to set it around 60-70Hz.
Phase is whether or not your subwoofer is installed inversley (maget outside of the box.) All it does is switch the power flow, (change + to - and - to +), allowing you to wire the sub the normal way. Set it to 0 if your sub is installed the common way, or 180 if it is inversed.
Bass eq is a bass boost, that shoudl be set to 0, bass boost is only going to raise the current put out by your amplifier, and most likely it will be a clipped signal, killing your subwoofer and amplifier over time.