You have to go to college before joining the army to become a lt. or above, or you have to be accepted to OCS(officier candidate school) or you end up a NCO (non comissioned officer...) which I believe the highest rank for NCO is a sgt major...That takes allot longer then 4 years though unless you get a battcom (battlefield commission)
There are a ton of jobs that you can get into if you get the right MOS (Military Occupational Specialty) but that will depend on your asvab score (Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery)
there are a ton of opportunites for someone right out of the army...They have the almost the exact same jobs as in the military, communications,firefighter, police, mechanic for heavy equipment, heli's,jets, heavy equipment operator,it all depends on what you did while in the military...
Hell even a grunt can get corrections officer, private security, forrest ranger,cop,swat if you were specops,and on and on and on...
And if your buddy has been out of the army for 6 months and no job, didn't he get some kind of money for college, why not start to expand on his MOS or ??? What was his MOS???
Or was he DD'ed??? (dishonorably discharged)