Interesting discussion.
I hate to sound like a broken record, but "back in the day" when I was really into car audio in the late 80's and early 90's the general rule for increasing the bass in your system went a little something like this :
a 3 Db increase meant that the bass/volume would be twice as loud. However, to achieve that you either needed to double the wattage into the same number of woofers or double the amount of woofers while keeping the same wattage into each one.
OR,
a system with 2 12's with 200 watts going into each 12 would either need to :
a) increase wattage to 400 watts per (2) 12's; or
b) go with 4 12's with 200 watts each.
However, with the question posed as to the difference between 3 and 4 woofers with total power equal between them, I would have to give a slight edge to the 4 woofers just due to the fact there is more cone area to move air... but I'm willing to bet that the volume/quality would probably be negligible.